Market Power and Efficiency of Islamic Banking and Conventional Banking in Indonesia

ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) of banking industry requires both Islamic and conventional banking to improve their efficiency because the competition in banking market industry will be more intense. Therefore, this study aims to identify the type of hyphotesis of industrial organization which exists in Islamic and conventional banks in order to investigate their readiness for AEC. The research sampling consists of 10 Islamic banks and 10 conventional banks from January 2009 to December 2016. To measure x-efficiency and scale efficiency, this research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Meanwhile, the concentration is measured by Lerner index. The hypothesis is tested by using panel regression. The result shows SCP (Structure-Conduct-Performance) hypothesis is closely applied to Islamic and conventional banks because market concentration significantly influences profitability. RMP (Relative Market Power) hypothesis is also closely applied to Islamic and conventional banking, this indicates Indonesian banking has market power in determining prices and this condition makes the profit higher. RES (Relative Efficiency Structure) and SES (Scale Efficiency Structure) hypothesis do not exist in both conventional and Islamic banks because x-efficiency and scale efficiency do not affect profitability, concentration, and market share simultaneously. Market power and efficiency researches are commonly conducted in conventional banking, however there are only a few research in Islamic banking area. The novelty of this study is the comparison between conventional and Islamic banking in the term of market structure and efficiency

Vesicles in solutions of hard rods

The surface free energy of ideal hard rods near curved hard surfaces is determined to second order in curvature for surfaces of general shape. In accordance with previous results for spherical and cylindrical surfaces it is found that this quantity is non-analytical when one of the principal curvatures changes signs. This prohibits writing it in the common Helfrich form. It is shown that the non-analytical terms are the same for any aspect ratio of the rods. These results are used to find the equilibrium shape of vesicles immersed in solutions of rod-like (colloidal) particles. The presence of the particles induces a change in the equilibrium shape and to a shift of the prolate-oblate transition in the vesicle phase diagram, which are calculated within the framework of the spontaneous curvature model. As a consequence of the special form of the energy contribution due to the rods these changes cannot be accounted for by a simple rescaling of the elastic constants of the vesicle as for solutions of spherical colloids or polymers.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Mark Up Margin Dan Implikasinya Pada Pembiayaan Murabahah Di Baitul Maal Wattamwil

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of Third Party Fund, Non Performing Financing (NPF) and Financing Deposit to Ratio (FDR) toward Mark up margin and its implication to Murabahah Financing in BMT.. BMT study population is located in South Jakarta and Tangerang, which had stood at least 5 years and already have a good financial statements and according to standards that have been set. All sample was determined using convenience sampling, the samples were chosen based on the ease of obtaining data and not troublesome to measure and cooperative. This research used path analysis method with decomposition model. The result of substructure I indicate that Third Party Fund, Non Performing Financing (NPF) and Financing Deposit to Ratio (FDR) variabels have significantly effect to the Mark up margin. The result of substructure II indicate that Third Party Fund and Financing Deposit to Ratio (FDR) have significantly effect to the Murabahah Financing.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v2i1.237

Asymmetric Information and Non-Performing Financing: Study in the Indonesian Islamic Banking Industry

The purposes of this study are: First, to analyze the indications of moral hazard and adverse selection on Indonesian Islamic commercial banks. Second, to analyze the influence of moral hazard and adverse selection on the Non Performance Financing of Indonesian Islamic banks. Two methods were used for this purpose, a qualitative content analysis approach derived from the results of interviews with the banker from the Islamic commercial banks. Besides that this study also uses Error Correction Model (ECM), with data taken from these listed Islamic banking from 2010 to June 2016. The results show that the indications of moral hazard have a positive effect on the non-performing financing (NPF) in the short run. The indication of the presence of moral hazard occurs at the long run on GDP variable, and the allocation of Murabaha financing (RM) has a positive effect on the mudharabah (FM) profit and loss sharing. The test results also show that adverse selection that represented by the profit sharing rate (PSR) has a positive effect on the level of risk sharing toward non-performing financing (NPF) in the long run.DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v10i2.739

The latest arrival hub location problem for cargo delivery systems with stopovers

Cataloged from PDF version of article.In this paper, we concentrate on the service structure of ground-transportation based cargo delivery companies. The transient times that arise from nonsimultaneous arrivals at hubs (typically spent for unloading, loading, and sorting operations) can constitute a significant portion of the total delivery time for cargo delivery systems. The latest arrival hub location problem is a new minimax model that focuses on the minimization of the arrival time of the last item to arrive, taking into account journey times as well as the transient times at hubs. We first focus on a typical cargo delivery firm operating in Turkey and observe that stopovers are essential components of a ground-based cargo delivery system. The existing formulations of the hub location problem in the literature do not allow stopovers since they assume direct connections between demand centers and hubs. In this paper, we propose a generic mathematical model, which allows stopovers for the latest arrival hub location problem. We improve the model using valid inequalities and lifting. We present computational results using data from the US and Turkey. 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Immunohistochemical study of the endocrine cells in the stomach and pyloric caeca of the mountain trout, Salmo trutta macrostigma

The endocrine cells of Salmo trutta macrostigma stomach and pyloric caeca have been investigated using immunohistochemical techniques. 8 antisera were tested and 6 of them were detected in the endocrine cells; serotonin, somatostatin, substance P, galanin, CCK and neuropeptide Y. These immunoreactive cells are described for the first time in the stomach and pyloric caeca of Salmo trutta macrostigma. Neurotensin and VIP immunoreactivity were not detected in these regions. The regional distribution and relative frequency of the endocrine cells in the stomach and pyloric caeca of Salmo trutta macrostigma were resembled (with respect to serotonin, somatostatin, CCK and substance P immunoreactivity) and showed also some particularities (presence of galanin and NPY positive cells) to those of the other salmonid species

Compromising system and user interests in shelter location and evacuation planning

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Traffic management during an evacuation and the decision of where to locate the shelters are of critical importance to the performance of an evacuation plan. From the evacuation management authority’s point of view, the desirable goal is to minimize the total evacuation time by computing a system optimum (SO). However, evacuees may not be willing to take long routes enforced on them by a SO solution; but they may consent to taking routes with lengths not longer than the shortest path to the nearest shelter site by more than a tolerable factor. We develop a model that optimally locates shelters and assigns evacuees to the nearest shelter sites by assigning them to shortest paths, shortest and nearest with a given degree of tolerance, so that the total evacuation time is minimized. As the travel time on a road segment is often modeled as a nonlinear function of the flow on the segment, the resulting model is a nonlinear mixed integer programming model. We develop a solution method that can handle practical size problems using second order cone programming techniques. Using our model, we investigate the importance of the number and locations of shelter sites and the trade-off between efficiency and fairness. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Release Time Scheduling and Hub Location for Next-Day Delivery

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Inspired by a real-life problem faced by one of the largest ground-based cargo companies of Turkey, the current study introduces a new facet to the hub location literature. The release time scheduling and hub location problem aims to select a specified number of hubs from a fixed set of demand centers, to allocate each demand center to a hub, and to decide on the release times of trucks from each demand center in such a way that the total amount of cargo guaranteed to be delivered to every potential destination by the next day is not below a threshold and the total routing cost is minimized. The paper introduces integer programming models to solve this problem in the special cases when the cargo uniformly arrives to each demand center during the day and the more realistic pattern of when the cargo arrivals exhibit a piecewise linear form. Several classes of valid inequalities are proposed to strengthen the formulations. Extensions with multiple service levels and discrete sets for release times are also discussed. Computational results show the computational viability of the models under realistic scenarios as well as the validity of the proposed problems in answering several interesting questions from the cargo sector’s perspective

Speed-related traffic accident analysis using GIS-based DBSCAN and NNH clustering

To ensure road safety and reduce traffic accidents, it is essential to determine geographical locations where traffic accidents occur the most. Spatial clustering methods of hot spots are used very effectively to detect such risky areas and take precautions to minimize or even avoid fatal or injury accidents. This study aims to determine speed-related hot spots in the pilot Mersin Region, which includes seven cities in the central-southern part of Turkey. Two different hot spot clustering methods, the Nearest Neighbourhood Hierarchical Clustering Method (NNH) and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) Method, were employed to analyse traffic accident data between 2014-2021, obtained from the General Directorate of Highways. CrimeStat III program, which is free software, was used to detect NNH clusters, while the DBSCAN clusters were obtained using the open-source GIS program QGIS, which was also used to visualize and evaluate the results comparatively. As a result of the analysis, it was determined which method gave more effective results in determining the traffic accident risk clusters. These clusters were analysed based on road geometries (intersection or corridors). In addition, by considering the areas where repeated accidents have occurred over the years, future predictions of traffic accidents have been estimated